While saving states is allowed (especially for the purpose of debugging), RetroAchievements does not allow loading saved states when hardcore mode is on.
The code previously did this indirectly via `std::map<double, int>`, the key being the timestamp, which required a questionable workaround for the case where multiple states have the same timestamp. By having a particular combination of timestamps in the on-disk savestates, you could cause this workaround to infinitely loop, locking up Dolphin. This avoids this completely by refactoring the logic and just using `std::vector` instead.
Though less important compared to #11470, save states also show the full path in the OSD message and could potentially dox a streamer who is playing in Dolphin. This is a simple fix - it removes the path from the message and only displays the file name.
CARDUCode, GBAUCode, and INITUCode previously didn't have an implementation of it. In practice it's unlikely that this caused an issue, since these uCodes are only active for a few frames at most, but now that GBAUCode doesn't have global state, we can implement it there. I also implemented it for CARDUCode, although our CARDUCode implementation does not have all states handled yet - this is simply future-proofing so that when the card uCode is properly implemented, the save state version does not need to be bumped. INITUCode does not have any state to save, though.
These lookup tables total 4 megabytes, and contain data that's entirely redundant to the actual cache state (as part of an optimization, though I'm not sure whether the optimization actually is useful). This change instead recomputes these lookup tables when loading the state (which involves filling the lookup table with a marker (0xff), and then setting the 128 * 8 valid entries (1 kilobyte)).
This should reduce (but not completely eliminate) gradual audio desyncs in dumps. This also allows for accurate sample rates for the GameCube.
Completely eliminating gradual audio desyncs will require resampling to an integer sample rate, as nothing seems to support a non-integer sample rate.
